Rule of Thirds

The rule of thirds mentions that an image should be split into nine equal parts by two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines, and those important compositional parts should be placed along these lines or their intersections.It is important to line the body up with a vertical line, and have the person’s eyes along with a horizontal line.

When filming our interviews, we need to follow the rule of thirds allowing adequate looking space and consider the mode of address of our speakers.



This video helped us understand concept of rule of thirds

Evaluation

In the evaluation the following questions must be answered:

1. In what ways does your media media product use, develop or challenges forms and conventions of real media products?

click here to view question 1

2. How effective is the combination of your main product and ancillary texts?

click here to view question 2

3. What have you learned form your audience feedback?

click here to view question 3

4. How did you use new media technologies in the construction and research, planning and evaluation stages?

click here to view question 4

Results for Post questionnaire

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Post Documentary Questionnaire/Update

I will use the post documentary questionnaire as part of my audience feedback.

I gathered people to watch the documentary twice. The first was to watch the documentary only, during the second viewing; I asked them to take notes on critical and positive points of the documentary. I collected the notes, and then handed out the questionnaires for them to fill out.

I could have improved my audience feedback by filming the audience state their opinions and suggestions on improving the documentary.

Click here to view questionnaire

Is University Worth It?

Eventually the documentary is completed. This was a very long, tiring process involving planning, constructing, structuring and merging together. I believe the documentary involves codes and conventions and genre of a public service production. I believe the documentary does inform the audience making the film more engaging. There are numerous ways I can improve the documentary. For example including further balanced fine quality interviews, adding clear, high-quality cutaways and creating more graphs, charts etc to display data. In my opinion the best element of the documentary is the score. The score relates to the documentary in a great way, the debate is on a serious topic; however the score brings more entertainment and energy to the documentary. In addition I like the way on-screen graphics and the title is presented. I think it is creative and unique.

Radio trailer

Radio trailer  by  user5280227

Radio Trailer Script

Music:
Style – Electronica
Song – House Fever
Version- Break It Up

Voice over
Will the increase in University tuition fees really have a negative effect on students who want to apply for a University course?
Will students be put off by having to take out a loan or has the increase had no effect at all?

Speech from Terry Justice Conservative Chancellor of Dagenham and Rainham

Voiceover
On Friday 18th December at 6’o clock HCTV presents Is University Worth It?
You can’t afford to miss it!

Newspaper Advert

Codes and conventions for a Poster

Codes in operation in TV posters
 Photography
 Language – register (high or low)
 Layout
 Typography (fonts – important in terms of mode of address (formal/informal)

Conventions- (application of codes)
 Imagery – simple and condenses key theme, could be symbolic
 Image needs to be engaging and emotionally involving
 Sentence- simple (include factual figures/questions/statements)
 Typography- upper case(links idea with current affairs)
 Fonts - elaborate in design (clearly contrasting with background to aide readability)
 Broadcaster Logo/links to website
 Layout – headline, framing, anchoring image
 Good quote from interviewee( facts that engage audience)

I took the codes and convention of a poster into account when designing my poster

Update - newspaper advert

I found an established image from the internet and played around with the manipulation of the image using Gimp. As it was my first time using the image manipulating software, I had to familarise myself with what it offers. This included using layers, colourising, merging etc. It took quite a while to get used, but I improved bit by bit. In the beginning, I downloaded Picasa; this was an easier programme to use, though there wasn’t much choice and variety on what I could do to the image making it weak.


When it came to taking my own image, it did not work at all. It was hard to get hold of a university outfit and graduation hat, so I scraped the idea.




Next I came up with the idea of graduation certificate with money surrounding it. The flash of my camera worsened the picture, which made it look messy and unclear.



Finally with help from media teacher, I decided to take 2 pictures. The first image was coins stacked up against a white background, second was a model carrying something against a white background as well. Then I had to merge the two together. Problems that occurred were the background, even though the background came out white and bright on the camera, on the computer it was grey. To fix this problem I used the magic wand, which is a fuzzy effect, select the images I wanted. I then placed the coins on top of the model’s hand. So it looked like the coins were weighing the model down.

There are so many ways I could improve image, but time was running out. I added the title, a simple statement to the poster that related to the topic, the broadcaster’s logo and a link to website. Typography was bold, in upper case, making more clear and appealing.

Score Notes

The music chosen for the documentary was called Reaction Time (night walker), the style is electronicals. It is copy right free material. I used this, as it was simple to use compare to copy right music I need to get permission to obtain.

The score is supposed to convey a tone and mood for the documentary. I chose this score as it had a formal but had an entertaining tone to it, which suited the documentary really well. The score is also meant to engage the audience in the debate; I believe this song delivered all those techniques.

Storyboard

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Shot List

Is University Worth It? - Script

Click here to view script

Voiceover/update

We chose Andy Popperwell for the Voice over for of our documentary. The voice over should be clear and delivered in accent, meaning it should be understood by all, following a high level of English in terms of grammar and vocabulary. This makes it the voice of authority. Andy Popperwell was the ideal voice actor; he conveyed the essential voice over elements.

Structure of voice over
1.Introduce topic
2.Key facts and figures
3.Opinions
4.Conclusion
5.Projection

click here to view voiceover

List of Cutaways

• Queen Mary University - voiceover talking about facts or figures about university tuition fees

• Havering College- Can be used over an interview when a Havering College Student is talking.


• Queen Mary University Classroom, Canteen, Dorm Rooms and Common Places of Interest - used when interviewing a university student or lecturer to show the environment that they live or work in.

• University students walking around campus - used over a voice over while discussing some facts about going to university or during interviews

• Student Packing a suitcase to go to university- used at the beginning of the documentary or while a university student is talking about accommodation at university.

• College Student in lesson - used while a college student about their opinions

• College student on UCAS website - used over a college student talking about applying to university

• University Lecturer in teaching - used when the a university lecturer is talking about the number of students at university

• Taxpayer working - used when a taxpayer is talking about his money going towards university tuition fees

• Newspaper Articles - used when talking about facts and figures about university tuition fees increasing

• Banks advertising student loans available - used with voiceover to show the support available to students who want to go to university
•University Prospectuses – used during interviews or voiceover regarding applying or visiting university

Rule of Thirds/update

The rule of thirds mentions that an image should be split into nine equal parts by two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines, and those important compositional parts should be placed along these lines or their intersections.

When filming our interviews, we need to follow the rule of thirds allowing adequate looking space and consider the mode of address of our speakers. It is important to line the body up with a vertical line, and have the person’s eyes along with a horizontal line.



This video helped us understand the concept of the rule of thirds better

Profile on Interviews & Update

As group we tried to get good interviews for the documentary.

We contacted people through phone, email, visiting etc. We manage to get 6 in total. They were Noel Otley(Principal of Havering College F&H Education),Magaret Hodge (MP of Barking, Terry Justice (Chancellor of Dagenham and Rainham),Dave Wood(University Lecturer.

I tried to get interviews(through email,visitng,phone calls) with a bank manager, as they could inform of any support they provide for students and the borrowing of moneyand their views. Furthermore,I treid contact student unions such as NUS and MPs. It very hard to get in touch with them, in the end it did not work out.

I used these sites to get details.
http://www.parliament.uk/mpslordsandoffices/mps_and_lords/alms.cfmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_United_Kingdom

Robin Wells (Mayor of Newham) interview did not turn out well, due to technical problems linking to the sound.After capturing the video, there was no sound, so we could not use that interview.

I could not use the interview with the postgraduate student as the tape was misplaced and has not been found since then. This affected my documentary in many ways, as I could not add essential points of view of a student who has been through the University experience and know the types of student support available. Also how they feel about the increase in tuition fees and how it may affect students wanting to apply.

Click here to view profiles of interviews that were successful

Results for Pre Questionnaire

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Pre Documentary Questionnaire

I distributed copies of the questionnaire people, so they can answer relevant question linked the documentary. The answers will give insight on their views and opinions and it will also give idea of the target audience for this debate. Also it will show ways of how I can improve the document film.

Click here to view questions

Target Audience

Our target audience for the documentary is everyone in society. Meaning male and female with a socio-economic group AB C1, C2, DE. We would want students (especially those who looking to go university) to be engaged in this topic as the debate includes them and we want to consider their views and opinions and reveal effects of tuition fees. Our target audience should also include people who work universities (i.e. lecturers, NUS) and taxpayers. Taxpayers play a part in contributing to tuition fees, so we want consider their views as well. Basically our audience should everyone in society covering all social-economic groups, male and female.

Print Advert for Supersize me

This is an advert for Supersize Me documentary film,this has could help me with ideas on how to create a print artefact. This advert shows a clear link to document film especially through imagery. The extreme close up of of image engages the audience. The 'Im lovin it!' tag line involves audience as well.

Trailer for Supersize Me

This the trailer for documentary film Supersize Me, this trailer can help me in producing a radio trailer for my docunmentary. This also exposes great techniques used for documentary

Supersize Me

In this documentary analysis, I will focus on how Supersize delivers cinematography, sound, editing, and mise en scene. Espeically how the continuity flows and use of cutaways.Also the way it attracts the audience using these techniques.

This documentary stars Morgan Spurlock on 30 day challenge to eat only McDonalds food, it discovers this lifestyle’s radical effects(physical and psychologically), and explores the fast food industrial influence, including how it promotes poor nutrition for its own profit.

The opening sequence begins with diegetic sounds of children singing a song connected with fast food, next there’s a dolly shot of the children singing and doing actions to the song, the camera moves further away ending with a wide shot.

Shot of children performing a fast food song

Next there’s sequence of shots of cars, houses, food and people. Voice over explains that America has the biggest possessions and food and people. The journalist emphasises on America having the largest people, this is show in extreme close up lasting few seconds. Cuts go on to show more large people. Voice over say “nearly one hundred million Americans today either overweight or obese, that’s more than 60% of all US adults”

This shows how obesity among adults has grown from 1985 – 2002. Also shows where the most obese people are in America.

The documentary then reveals the fact that Morgan Spurlock ate home cooking and onlyy ate out on rare occasions. During that there is shot showing a collage of photographs of his mum cooking in the kitchen through the years. The voices over mentions how family nowadays eat out all the time and how they pay not only with their money but waistline as well.

Collage of photos

Key fact comes next, (Obesity is now second only to smoking being as a major cause of preventable death in America, with more than 400,000deaths per year associated with related illness). There are cutaways (of a man smoking and people walking with text of 400,000 on the shot as well.

This highlights how shocking the point the documentary is making. This makes the audience in engage in how obesity is a huge problem.

There is a cut (wide shot) of people walking and then cutaways of McDonalds. The voice over comes aside this explaining how Americans ended up suing McDonald, taking aim of the fast food company and blaming them for their obesity anomalies. After a lawsuit was filed at New York on behalf of two obese teenage girls (one who was 14 years old 4ft10 170pounds, the other 19 years old 5ft6 270 pounds). The voice over says, how the unthinkable has suddenly become reality. Also there’s a diagram of girls growing from young age to ages mentioned and it shows how obesity has affected them. All these techniques involve the audience in the documentary.

An editing effect shown documentary is the fast pace of people going and coming in and out of McDonalds. Next there a freeze frame and the bright light around people at the door of McDonalds. Theses effects are very creative and help the audience focus as it is attention-grabbing.

Next the documentary shows how McDonald is global wide and how it is everywhere (Supermarkets, airports, petrol stations, shopping malls, theme parks and hospitals). The many fast pace cutaways of the places mentioned, suddenly it slows down when it get hospitals, zooming in on a hospital. The voice over also says “at least your close when coronary kicks in” during that there’s close up shot of emergency and McDonalds arrows near each other pointing to a direction. This makes audience see how problematic this situation is.

The score music throughout the documentary conveys the tone and mood for documentary. The score music is light and cheery; this draws the audience on what is to occur in film.

There are several examples of great interviews in this documentary. The close up shot below reveals a natural key lighting; this is used for the subject of the interview to be seen. The location builds credibility background connects with the interviewee. He is a professor and there are books surrounding him. The camera work here has helped to construct a perfect interview. It uses the rule of thirds allowing sufficient head and looking space giving thought in mode of address. The interviewee does not look directly into the camera, so this reduces effect of breaking continuity. The man looks off screen at a mind point of about 30 degrees. On screen graphics (title) shows full name, in bold and role in small print and in white. It fades in and out. The audience can see it is clear and readable and adequate of adequate size.

The style of the documentary is Participatory Mode as the journalist engages with the situation.

Overall this documentary has been helpful in showing how to produce a documentary. It has revealed its special effects that has engage the audience in subject. I think the documentary is for everyone it informs us on dangers of eating McDonalds only and how obesity is a huge risk. This is revealed through experiments, cutaways used types of shots, interviews in the document film. Embedding was used where Morgan Spurlock was involved in the whole action. This also builds credibility, it shows his opinions.

The Secret Life of Twins

In this documentary analysis I will concentrate on television techniques applied in Secret Life of Twins and how interviews are structured. The documentary style is a expository mode as its more direct in addressing the audience it outlines key facts and opinions.

This two part series investigates world of identical twins and how significant they are to science concerning nature and nurture debate ‘Are we born or are we made’. They look at identical twin’s personalities and their approaches to life.
The first part concentrates on what science can learn about the mysterious similarities between twins and the second part researches the differences between identical twins and how they can help science understand what makes us all who we are.

The opening sequence reveals a bird’s eye view of an establishing shot of London to the gathering of Two hundred and fifty pairs of twins at St Thomas' Hospital celebrateing their contribution to science. There are cuts of individual pairs talking about their opinions on themselves and their fascination of other twins, there is many mid shots and close ups of twins during the cuts. The voice actor comes aside this, telling the audience of the allure of identical twins and the topic of documentary nature versus nurture debate ‘Are we born or are we made’ and presents people who will occur in the throughout. Next there’s a short interview of a scientist saying how twins can uncover really important diseases that affect all. During that, there are cutaway of twins taking part in procedures and others relaxing. This is an example of how the short cuts relate to what interview and what the main topic is about. The music throughout the sequence conveys the tone and mood for documentary. The score music is light and cheery; this draws the audience on what is to occur in programme.

Next the voice over mentions a key fact (Each year in the UK identical twins a born to around 4000 couples), during that there is another establishing, bird eye view shot showing buildings and houses, this emphasises the fact.
An example of quality interview in this documentary is the couple (Hermie and Colin Willets) who are having identical twin boys. There are cutaways of scan photos of twins and the family at home with their eldest son Thomas. Afterwards there’s mid – close up shot of an interview with the family at a table. They are positioned on the left looking off screen at a mind point diagonal, there space around them showing photographs and furniture, this links in with the interview. There dialogue of Colin and Hermie talking about their reactions to the news of having twins. Between the interview cutaways of extreme close up of shots displaying Thomas using a fetal Doppler to listen to the twins heartbeat. There is a fade in and out of bold, white onscreen graphics notifies the audience of the names of the couple. The instruments are used for the score they are calm and smooth matching to the interview.

This is a BBC documentary meaning the it should deliver impartiality, accuracy showing clear expression of key sources in document, originality and to be balanced. In my opinion it is difficulty to fulfil those elements as editing leads to mediation which is selection , so it is not possible not be totally impartial. The Secret Life of Twins did show balance of for and against of the debate.

Research on Tuition fees

Tuition is linked to fees charge by educational institution.

Most students who pay for tuition have fees that are larger than their savings. Therefore some students have to get part time jobs and/or take out loans. Those who take part time jobs worry about managing both the course weight and work. Those who take out loans have to ensure they are able to repay or else risk bad credit ratings.

Two thirds of vice-chancellors, speaking namelessly, said they needed to raise fees, suggesting levels of between £4,000 and £20,000 per year. More than half of university heads want students to pay at least £5,000 per year or for there to be no upper limit. The National Union of Students has warned of debts of £32,000 for students if fees rise to £7,000 per year.

University fees must be reviewed this year by the government - and there are already arguments about whether the present £3,500 cap on fees should be lifted. Any changes will alarm about a million students on undergraduate courses. Universities UK has set out the consequences of fee levels of £5,000 and £7,000 - arguing that if fees reached £7,000 a sell of differently priced courses would come out. This has enraged the National Union of Students, which wants to completely replace the fee system with repayments linked to later earnings.

The BBC survey, gathering the views of 53 university vice-chancellors, showed a wide range of expectations of the scale of any increase - from £4,000 to £20,000 per year. There were also some expectations of differences between universities and courses - with more than a quarter saying they would not charge the full amount. About one in 10 wanted the cap scrapped altogether so universities could charge whatever they wanted.

Two thirds of chancellor’s believed fees will not deter applications from students from poorer families.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7946912.stm

Reserach on Documentaries and Modes

A documentary states information on a source of proof and facts to support it. It documents reality. Even though the scenes are carefully selected and arranged due to mediation, they are not scripted, and the people in a documentary film are not actors. Sometimes, documentary films require a voice-over narration to explain what is happening in scenes. Documentaries will include interviews with the people in the film.

Documentaries are unique to other forms of non-fiction films as it provides an opinion, and a particular message, along with the facts it presents.

Documentary mode is a theoretical scheme developed Bill Nichols that looks at specific traits and conventions of diverse documentary styles. Nichols identifies six different documentary 'modes' in his schema: poetic, expository, observational, participatory, reflexive, and per formative. 2001 book, Introduction to Documentary (Indiana University Press)

The Poetic Mode mirrors fragments of the world, converting of historical material into a more conceptual, expressive form. It is usually associated with 1920s and modernist ideas. Examples are Night Mail and Drifters by Grierson. This style is more literal, very cinematic and great for conveying emotions and feelings rather than documentaries that follow an established clear continuity.

The Expository Mode directly addresses the audience revealing social issues build up into an challenging frame, mediated an objective voice intoned (voice-of-God narration) throughout film, associated with 1920s-1930s, and some of the rhetoric and polemic surrounding WW2. It basically outlines facts and opinions showing key information.

The Observational Mode is about technology advanced by the 1960s and cameras became smaller and light, able to document life in a less interfering manner, there is less control required over lighting etc, leaving the social actors free to act and the documentarists are free to record without interacting with each other. It is also known as direct cinema and it aspire to invisibility. An example is The Family.

The Participatory mode is the encounter between the film-maker and subject that is recorded, the film-maker actively engages with situation they are documenting, asking questions of their subjects, sharing experiences. It is heavily reliant on the honesty of witnesses. The process is made visible; it basically tells the story of how they make the film and the journey. (Ross Kemp in Afghanistan)

The Reflexive mode demonstrates consciousness of the process of reading documentary, and takes part actively with issues of realism and representation, acknowledging the presence of the viewer and judgements they arrive at. It draws attention to itself as a documentary questioning realism.

The Performative Mode acknowledges the emotional and subjective aspects of documentary, and presents ideas as part of a context, having different meanings for different people, often autobiographical in nature. It is a contemporary mode that could be associated with post-modernism. It gives up with the truth and lives with the facts. (Airport)
http://www.mediaknowall.com/Documentary/definitions.html

Documentary Proposal

Topic
Our chosen topic is whether University tuition fees should be increased from around £3000 to between £5000 and £20,000. Through this debate, we will look at a selection of opinions and the consequences this change might have on students looking to go to higher education, members of the UK Government and also views of taxpayers. The question we will discuss if the rise in fees will deter a student’s verdict to go to university, why this change may happen now, and whether this change will have any effects on employed people who have to pay taxes. Is it right for people’s salaries to contribute towards a student’s education and why doesn’t the UK Government make students fund for it themselves, through student loans and grants? Also our topic would touch on people’s views of the Government also considering lowering the amount of applicants approved into universities this year.

Key Facts
"The UK Government is in discussion about increasing tuition fees from £3000 to a minimum of £5000 with no upper limit" www.thisisguernsey.com

"£2000 rise in tuition fees would not dter students, even though fears of debt levels up to £32,000" - The Guardian, a report from university vice chancellors

"A survey of 250 admissions staff at 16 universities has revealed that undergraduates are entering university less numerate, less literate and less knowledgeable than ever before" - Guardian

"Undergraduates would not react if fees were raised to £5000, but admitted they would begin to turn their backs on university if costs increased to £7000" - The telegraph UK

"A staggering 85% of 18-24 oppose an increase in student tuition fees, with just 5% in favour according to poll conducted by YouGov for the UCU"-www.london-student.net

"British applicants may have a harder time gaining a place at a UK university next years, with Vice chancellors warning that the increase in the number of EU applicants along with new government legislation may result in the crowding out of qualified British nationals."-www.journal-online.co.uk

Principle positions and perspectives

Liberal view
A liberal view of our topic would be that everyone should have the freedom of individual liberality, so therefore if an individual decides to go to university they must take responsibility of paying their own tuition fees as it is their choice to attend higher education. Taxpayers shouldn’t have a portion of their salaries taken out to help fund most of a student’s tuition fees. But Stephen Williams, the Lib Dem skills spokesman, said: "Young people will be shocked that many of the vice-chancellors involved with this research would like to see tuition fees more than doubled. The conclusions would be very different if students' views were considered instead of just those of university chiefs."

Conservative view
Modern conservative view of our topic would be that the Government should contribute less towards university tuition fees as their focus is on simplifying and improving Government services. This may indicate trying to spend money on things they feel could have more of an impact on society. The Conservatives, who dropped their opposition to fees, accuse the government of planning to "push their long-promised review ever further into the long grass".

Marxism
A Marxism view is that a person is exploited if he or she performs more labour than necessary to produce the goods society consumes and a person is an exploiter if he or she performs less labour than necessary to produce goods. Their view on our topic would then be that going to university could be doing more labour than compulsory, so therefore could agree with the argument that the Government should contribute less. However, depending on the career that the potential university student wants to pursue, not going to university may mean that the individual performs less labour than is necessary.

Update

Now we know the topic we had to produce a documentary proposal for the topic and start thinking of cutaways, possible speakers to fit the documentary.

I started research on documentaries, this included searching for information and facts that linked to the topic. I started looking for documentaries to analysis. I had to pick one that was produced by the BBC and I had choice over other documentaries to study.

I studied the BBC itself and looked at the issues for the BBC, key values in terms of programming etc

Brainstorm for Topic and Documentaries

Topic Ideas

I thought about a range of topics that I could investigate in the documentary. The most striking idea, was whether music affects youths today and to find out the positives and negatives of music. However I wanted to concentrate on a topic that is simpler and still engaging. Music is a wide topic and I would have to consider many genres and styles to make the topic appealing, just and balanced. This needed time and discussion which I didn’t have a lot of.

So as a group we chose to explore the debate of university tuition fees, and how the increase may affect students looking for higher education. This is a serious topic we are all keen on accomplishing as we are all students and want to go to university.

To do List

o Storyboards
o Brainstorm
o Role within the Group
o Target Audience
o Shot list
o Profiles of Interviews
o Score Notes
o Script
o Voice over
o Links to documentary research sites
o updates
o List of cutaways
o Documentary
o Proposal
o Ancillary task
o Questionnaires
o Evaluation
o Ideas for topic
o Documentary research

Update

In the group I had to discuss ideas of topics, we had to come up with minimum of 3 and choose the topic out of those three. I had to consider weaknesses of each topic, planning, whether the idea will work.

I received the brief of the coursework and studied the BBC editorial Guidelines

www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/editorialguidelines/

I looked at the marking of work which is split into research, construction and evaluation.

My Role

Editing involves a process of selecting, correcting and organising to construct the documentary. I will be working on the footage (mainly interviews and cutaways)and sound which consist of score, special effects and voice over.

The BBC appears to be impartial, not taking a stand and not revealing their opinions on debates but allowing audience to form their own opinions, though I know it is impossible to be fully impartial because editing is a form of mediation, which includes selection, rejection, and interpretation.Balance is key element in editing, I need to take on all significant perspectives and sides in the debate.

As an editor I need to follow continuity, these are the rules that enable the footage to flow. This will help the audience to understand and engage more in the documentary.I will be using onscreen graphics (titles) making sure they are readable and of adequate size. I will also make use of transitions and effects to enhance the documentary. I will be using final cut,soundtrack cut pro and pinnacle studio programmes in the process of editing. As this is fresh to me, I will aim to develop my skills to produce a good, precise documentary, by studying what the softwares have to offer.

I will also be in charge of Sound. Here I will choose appropriate music that can relate to the documentary. The Score is supposed to convey a tone and mood that will draw the audience to the topic.In addition during interviews, I will make sure the sound is set up properly, by making sure it is clear. This means I have to take into account anything that can affect the sound (background noises) and deal with it.

Editing require dedication, time,structure, creativity and teamwork. This will help me to create the film.